In 1678, dutch physicist christian huygens proposed a theory to explain the wave nature of light. Read from lesson 2 of the light waves and color chapter at the physics classroom. Physics of lights and sounds for kids boogey lights. Boundary conditions applied to pulses and waves pdf lecture 9. A particular longitudinal wave has a speed of 340 ms. Light and electromagnetic waves high school physics. Wave theory of light christiaan huygens published his wave theory of light in 1690.
The phenomenon is described by the principle of superposition, which states. When two waves are travelling in the same direction and speed, at any point on the combined wave the total displacement of any particle equals the vector sum of displacements of the waves. Light waves move at speeds that are nearly one million times faster than. A plane mirror can be used to show the reflection of light. A v slinky v spring b v slinky v spring c v slinky light waves and color chapter at the physics classroom. Physics a outline and lesson plans science 21 phys a outline p5 lesson 1 an introduction to wave phenomena learning objectives define the following terms. Polarization of light, linear and circular video khan academy. This topic, not being a mechanical wave, will only have a passing reference in the appendix, though its contribution to the fundamental ideas of waves cannot. Pdf waves, light waves, sound waves and ultrasound the.
When dealing with many waves, we can use one wave as a reference and measure the distance shifts for all the others from this. Sound waves and waves that have longer wavelengths, or lower frequencies, diffract better than high frequency waves. Superposition is when two waves are superimposed on each other and add up. Jan 02, 2016 light waves reflected from front and rear surfaces of a thin film are perfectly coherent figure 1. Lecture notes physics iii physics mit opencourseware. Generally you should expect fields to have three vector components, e. Christiaan huygens published his wave theory of light in 1690. Furthermore, one of the x 0s can be absorbed in xor t, so that the other will represent the distance shift. Waves d light and sound understand that light waves are transverse waves which can be reflected, refracted and diffracted use the law of reflection the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection construct ray diagrams to illustrate the formation of a virtual image in a plane mirror describe experiments. Waves d light and sound understand that light waves are transverse waves which can be reflected, refracted and. If light travels 3 x 108 ms with a wavelength of 700 nm, the light is violet.
In an incandescent bulb, the light waves are created due to more random processes, so the light waves emitted start with different phases and the phase relation between different waves. Electromagnetic waves and interference physics library. Waves including ufos, earthquakes, and music two strange but true stories the following two anecdotes, flying saucers and rescuing pilots, are actually closely related, as you will see later in this chapter. Light waves edexcel igcse physics pages 107 to 117 content applying to triple science only is shown in red type on the next slide and is indicated on subsequent slides by triple only june 17th 2012.
The particle theory of light was brought back by what two physicists in the 20th century. However, the document should not be uploaded to other servers for distribution to andor display by others. This theory is called huygens wave theory of light. Polarization of light, linear and circular video khan. Hc verma class 11 physics part1 solutions for chapter 17. A v slinky v spring b v slinky v spring c v slinky physics experiment. A wave is a disturbance that propagates through space. The physics classroom grants teachers and other users the right to print this pdf document and to download this pdf document for private use. This relation also follows from einsteins 1905 work on relativity, where he showed that e pc for any massless particle, an example of which is a photon. Describe the dual nature of light, as a continuous wave and a discrete particle photon, and give. Displacement is the distance of a particle of the wave from its equilibrium position at any particular time amplitude a is the maximum displacement of a particle of the wave from its equilibrium position. The resulting disturbance at any point in a region where waves overlap is the algebraic sum of the constituent waves at that point. Traveling waves waves propagate from one place to another. Any wave on the spectrum will have the same speed, the speed of light.
What is the name of the theory that integrated quantum physics with electromagnetism. This is the periodic time, t e determine frequency of this light coming from light source. Some of the forms of matter and energy that are covered in physics include electricity. Warm up if the light travels from air to diamond n 2. Both of these waves are on the electromagnetic spectrum. Ncert solutions for class 12 physics chapter 10 wave optics. Physics 341 experiment 4 page 41 chapter 4 polarization 4. What phenomena were they explaining with the particle theory. As shown below, an electromagnetic wave is a transverse wave consisting of mutually perpendicular oscillating electric and magnetic fields. Examples light waves, radio waves, microwaves, xrays, etc. The longest wavelength visible light that we can see has a wavelength of about 0.
Waves, sound and light please remember to photocopy 4 pages onto one sheet by going a3a4 and using back to back on the photocopier contents. Give a brief account of huygens wave theory of light. Light, as with all matter, can be described either as a wave or as a particle a photon. Light and quantum physics infrared radiation infrared is light that has a wavelength longer than that of visible light. Electromagnetic waves, the electromagnetic spectrum and photons. Who was the first person who was credited with the wave theory of light. Superposition of waves the wave equation is linear. Radio waves, microwaves, infrared waves, visible light, ultraviolet light, and gamma rays are all on the spectrum. Pause experiment and record reading from light meter for the time it take one wavelength to display on screen of light meter. The way light behaves can seem very counter intuitive, and many physicists would agree with that, but once you figure out light waves it all starts to make m. He proposed that light is emitted as a series of waves in a medium called the luminiferous ether. The amount of light energy emitted determines the color of. Electromagnetic waves are ultimately produced by an accelerating charge. A ray is the direction of the path taken by light waves and represented in diagrams by a straight line with an arrow on it.
Light, reflection, and color characteristics of light light is an electromagnetic wave. Free pdf download of hc verma solutions for class 11 physics part1 chapter 17 light waves solved by expert physics teachers on. In a laser which is a coherent source all the waves that are emitted start with the same phase. Compare the speed of the wave pulse in the slinky with the speed of the wave pulse in the spring. All the exercise of chapter 17 light waves questions with solutions to help you to revise complete syllabus and score more marks. Light is a transverse wave this isnt the whole story though when unpolarized, light can be thought of as oscillating at every perpendicular to the wave s motion diagram of a light ray coming out of the page. From source to detector sound from an instrument to ear cell phone to cell tower and vice versa em waves water waves a disturbance in the water moves outward. Does the speed of light depend on the motion of the light source. Light waves, sound waves and ultrasound the physics of. Electromagnetic waves and the electromagnetic spectrum opens a modal polarization of light, linear and circular opens a modal interference of electromagnetic waves.
I hope to emphasize that the physics of standing waves is the same. There are two types of waves mechanical and electromagnetic. A real image is one which can be produced on a screen and is formed by rays that actually pass through the lens or refracting material. Given a speed of 1250 ms and a frequency of 16 waves per second, what is the wavelength. Define constructive interference for a double slit and. Pause simulation and select light source from right side of screen and check boxes for graph and screen. A beam is a stream of light energy and may be represented by a number of rays which may be diverging, converging or parallel. Sound waves and light waves carry energy that enable you to hear and see the world around you. These are transverse waves, like the ripples in a tank of water. Mr downie 2014 7 s3 physics unit three summary notes light as light is a member of the em spectrum it will behave like a transverse wave and travel at 3 x 10 8 ms1 in air. How light travels light waves ks3 physics revision. Kuffer concepts of physics great wave off of kanagawa by. Sir isaac newton believed that light was a stream of particles.
For light electromagnetic waves the vectors are the electric and magnetic fields, and the light s polarization direction is by convention along the direction of the electric field. Lecture 11 chapter 16 waves i university of virginia. The wave equation, solutions to the wave equation lecture 8. They all have the same ultimate speed, but vary in their wavelengths, frequencies, and energy levels. Types of waves 2types of waves 2 plane waves propagation direction w plane waves have a propagation direction and therefore plane wave fronts e. Waves, sound and light please remember to photocopy 4 pages onto one sheet by going a3a4 and using back to back on the photocopier. Period t is the time for one complete oscillation of. Wave equation in 2d and 3d, timeindependent fourier analysis pdf. The answer to each of these questions will be found by all of you in the ellen physics model solution. In this experiment, we will be concerned with the polarization of light. Glencoe science waves, sound, and light fillmore central school. The pdf version of the teacher toolkit on the topic of the wave model of light iis displayed below. On this page we will describe some of the wave behaviors of light. Traveling waves appear only after a thorough exploration of onedimensional standing waves.
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